Identity, refunds & unfiled returns

CP518 notice — serious

The final notice in the unfiled-return sequence: file the return named, or the IRS may determine your tax itself from the information it has.

Serious

What this letter is

The final notice in the unfiled-return sequence: file the return named, or the IRS may determine your tax itself from the information it has.

Why you got it: Earlier notices (CP59 family) didn't produce a return or an explanation, and third-party records show income for that year.

What it is not

Not yet the substitute return — it's the last door before one. The tax the IRS computes for you will not include a single deduction it has to guess at, which is why filing your own version matters.

Your first move: File the actual return now — even late, even imperfect-but-honest — or send the explanation if you truly weren't required to file. Your version, with your deductions, beats their version without them.

Your deadline, counted

The clock on this letter: File or respond by the date on the notice.

The printed date controls; after it, the IRS can proceed to a substitute-for-return determination, which then becomes its own deficiency (with a 90-day Tax Court window on that notice).

Your options, in the order most people should try them

1. File your return

The highest-value move in the nonfiler sequence, at almost any balance.

2. Explain non-filing

If genuinely not required, in writing, with income facts.

3. Multiple years?

File the most recent first if refunds are expiring; the IRS also requires current compliance before approving a payment plan.

Your rights on this letter

  • Filing your own return replaces the substitute even after it's prepared (the IRS reprocesses with your figures).
  • The deficiency that follows an SFR carries Tax Court rights.

How to respond

As the notice directs — mail/fax; e-file may still be open for the last two tax years.

Scam check

Verify the year and income claim against your transcripts (wage & income transcript shows exactly what the IRS sees).

If you ignore it

A substitute for return: tax computed on gross third-party income, single or married-filing-separately status, standard deduction only — followed by a deficiency notice and, if unpaid, the whole collection ladder.

Where this sits on the ladder: CP2566 → CP3219A →

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Sources, checked 2026-10-19:
  • IRS — CP518 final notice
  • 26 U.S.C. 6020(b) (substitute for return)